The Bologna Process is a European framework for higher education that makes degrees comparable across countries and places students at the heart of learning. The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research has adopted it in Iraqi universities, and the university applies it to its programmes following the Ministry’s guidance.
What it means for students
- ECTS credits: each course is measured by the total workload — lectures, labs, self-study and assignments — not by contact hours alone; a full academic year equals 60 credits.
- Stated learning outcomes: from day one, students know what they are expected to know and be able to do by the end of the course.
- Continuous assessment: marks are spread across quizzes, reports, projects and participation as well as the final examination.
- Two semesters: each course carries its own credits and result.
What it means for programmes
Every programme has a programme description and every course a course description, using the Ministry’s approved forms, published in the Downloads centre. Curricula are reviewed regularly against learning outcomes, student feedback and labour-market needs.
Mobility and recognition
Credits make it easier to recognise prior study when students transfer or take part in academic mobility programmes, under the regulations in force. Another Bologna tool, the Diploma Supplement, describes the programme a graduate completed and its level.
Last updated: 18 Oct 2026
